TRUSS TYPES |
A truss is a support member which combines one or more triangles to form the structure of a roof. Most conventional trusses are constructed using wood. If wood is not available, then perhaps you can substitute it for metal or another material.
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From top-left to bottom right:
Fink Truss, Double-W Truss, Hip Truss, Howe, Double-Howe, Scissor Truss,
Cambered Truss, Half-hip Truss, Flat Truss, Gambrel Truss, Mono-Pitch Truss, Bowstring Truss, Half Scissor Truss,
Multi-Piece Truss, Barrel-Vault Truss, King Post Truss, Dual Pitch Truss, Attic Truss,
Double Inverted Truss, Inverted truss, Stub-End Truss, Piggy-Back Truss, and Sloping Flat Truss.
Fink Truss, Double-W Truss, Hip Truss, Howe, Double-Howe, Scissor Truss,
Cambered Truss, Half-hip Truss, Flat Truss, Gambrel Truss, Mono-Pitch Truss, Bowstring Truss, Half Scissor Truss,
Multi-Piece Truss, Barrel-Vault Truss, King Post Truss, Dual Pitch Truss, Attic Truss,
Double Inverted Truss, Inverted truss, Stub-End Truss, Piggy-Back Truss, and Sloping Flat Truss.
- Fink Trusses are the most common type of truss used in residential structures. These trusses provide support for the rafters and give the roof its rigidity.
- Double-W Truss, also known as a double-fink truss can span more than 65% more(16.5m) length than the possible span of a singular(10m) fink truss.
- Hip Trusses are more complicated to frame than a some other trusses because of the added complication in framing the hips.
- The Howe Truss was originally designed for steel bridges because of its impressive structural strength over long spans. It is relatively rare in home construction.
- The Double-Howe Truss can span nearly double the length of the single Howe, meaning that it can span up to 18m.
- Though Scissor Trusses do not need a bearing beam, they still have a load limit greater than many other types of trusses. Also, this type of truss increases the stability of the building.
- Cambered Trusses arch upwards giving the roof a normally peaked shape while the ceiling the appearance of being curved.
- A Half-Hip Truss has the same structure as the Hip but is cut off halfway.
- Flat Trusses are very slightly sloped to prevent water from pooling.
- Gambrel Trusses are symmetrical, with a double slope and give the roof a barn-like appearance. The gambrel truss is especially practical because it allows for the maximum amount of usable space in the attic.
- The Mono-Pitch Truss design is half of a normal truss design, often used for structures like sheds and lean-tos.
- Bowstring Trusses were originally used in bridge design because they perform particularly well in large open spaces with no supporting columns. Since the design is arched, it means that there is no seam to cover.
- The Half-Scissor Truss is expectedly half of the normal scissor truss design and used in spaces for commerce, industry
or residence. - Multi-Piece Trusses are combination trusses which use a gable design on top of a hip design so that they can be installed in sections which would otherwise be too large.
- The Barrel-Vault Truss uses many small pieces of wood in the frame to achieve an arched ceiling.
- The King-Post Truss is the simplest of trusses. It utilizes two rafters, a tie beam, and one central post known as the King Post. The King Post Truss is commonly used in conjunction with two angled struts.
- Dual-Pitch Trusses are for gable roofs with differently angled slopes on either side of its peak. Usually the front slope is steeper
than the back. - Attic Trusses are designed to create a space for additional storage or living area while leaving the outward appearance of the shelter
normal. - A Double-Inverted Truss is two inverted trusses which join at the peak which has the advantage of being able to span distances of up to 24m.
- The Inverted Truss is actually a Howe Truss turned upside down. This type can offer the interior space additional natural light and a vaulted ceiling in part of the space.
- A Stub-End Truss, also known as a Bob-Tail, is a gable shaped truss which has been clipped on one end. The slope of each side has the same pitch but with an asymmetrical peak.
- A Piggy-Back Truss is a combination truss which utilizes a gable end truss over a hip truss so that the two can be , which can be
transported or installed in sections when a single triangular truss is too large. - Sloping Flat Trusses are used to create vaulted ceilings, much like Inverted Trusses.